Journal of Engineering Sciences / Журнал інженерних наук
Permanent URI for this collectionhttps://devessuir.sumdu.edu.ua/handle/123456789/34326
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Item Synergetic effect of digestate dissolved organic matter and phosphogypsum properties on heavy metals immobilization in soils(Sumy State University, 2024) Скворцова, Поліна Олексіївна; Skvortsova, Polina Oleksiivna; Аблєєва, Ірина Юріївна; Ablieieva, Iryna Yuriivna; Tonderski, K.; Черниш, Єлізавета Юріївна; Chernysh, Yelyzaveta Yuriivna; Пляцук, Леонід Дмитрович; Pliatsuk, Leonid Dmytrovych; Сіпко, Ірина Олександрівна; Sipko, Iryna Oleksandrivna; Mykhno, H.I.The main idea was to justify the natural, technological, and ecological aspects of digestate-based composite for heavy metals (HMs) binding in soil due to organic matter content and mineral additives’ biosorption properties. The study aimed to determine the potential of a composite made from digestate and phosphogypsum for remediation of HMs polluted soils and the role of dissolved organic matter (DOM) in binding HMs. Methods used included a literature review to identify the mechanisms for HM binding to digestate DOM, a laboratory setup for producing a digestate-based composite with digestate (from manure or sewage sludge) mixed with phosphogypsum, and an analysis of digestate fluorescence properties. Results show that a composite based on digestate from manure as feedstock had a higher fluorescence complexity index than a composite with sewage sludge digestate (2.2 and 1.71, respectively). However, the DOM stability in the sewage sludge digestate composite was higher than reported in the literature, probably due to the mineral composition of phosphogypsum, which resulted in a high HMs sorption capacity and its positive effect on soil microbial activity. Based on the theoretical substantiation of DOM content and its binding properties, manure was the most effective feedstock type out of the two tested if digestate was used for HM remediation. Using a digestate-based composite with phosphogypsum can potentially reduce the ecological risk levels imposed by HM-contaminated soils from considerably too low.Item Application of technological solutions for bioremediation of soils contaminated with heavy metals(Sumy State University, 2021) Черниш, Єлізавета Юріївна; Черныш, Елизавета Юрьевна; Chernysh, Yelyzaveta Yuriivna; Пляцук, Леонід Дмитрович; Пляцук, Леонид Дмитриевич; Pliatsuk, Leonid Dmytrovych; Roubik, H.; Яхненко, Олена Миколаївна; Яхненко, Елена Николаевна; Yakhnenko, Olena Mykolaivna; Скворцова, Поліна Олексіївна; Скворцова, Полина Алексеевна; Skvortsova, Polina Oleksiivna; Батальцев, Євген Володимирович; Батальцев, Евгений Владимирович; Bataltsev, Yevhen VolodymyrovychThis article focuses on studying biotechnologies for remediation of soils contaminated with heavy metals to determine further the most effective methods for cleaning soils from the action of toxicants with their subsequent implementation in practice. The soil restoration methods were analyzed, their advantages and disadvantages were identified, making it possible to establish that biological methods are the safest and most environmentally friendly. The expediency of using biological methods lies in the possibility of breeding strains of microorganisms that destroy soil toxicants. However, the efficiency of microbial cultures is not equally high due to a narrow range of favorable conditions for functioning, the risk of manifestation of the phenomenon of degeneration of microorganisms until the required level of soil purification is achieved. This confirms the prospects for the further development of this direction and the search for ways to eliminate certain disadvantages of biological methods. For an integrated biotechnological solution to soil remediation, a scheme of aerobic plants was developed, which is characterized by two stages: aerobic soil cultivation with biocomposite and a phytoremediation stage for additional purification and control of the content of toxicants in the soil.Item Formalization of the task of creating a mathematical model of combined wastewater treatment Processes(Sumy State University, 2021) Alekseevsky, D.G.; Черниш, Єлізавета Юріївна; Черныш, Елизавета Юрьевна; Chernysh, Yelyzaveta Yuriivna; Shtepa, V.N.This paper focuses on the formation approach to formalize the mathematical modeling of wastewater treatment processes for further forming decision support systems for wastewater treatment facilities management on such a theoretical basis. To create an experimental model of formalization of modeling problems, research was conducted on activated sludge from municipal sewage treatment facilities by introducing an oxidant (H2O2) during standard operation of wastewater treatment facilities and introducing a toxicant (sulfur compounds). It was determined that under conditionally standard conditions, the influence of the oxidant is negative: exceeding technological standards of the concentration of dissolved oxygen in water solutions (3.0–13,7 mg/l), low water column transparency (1.4– 1.6 cm), higher concentrations of ammonia nitrogen and phosphorus. With the appearance of a toxicant in the form of reduced sulfur compounds (sulfide ions and hydrogen sulfide 1.4–2.8 mg/l), on the contrary, the positive effect of H2O2 on biological water treatment processes was determined: the concentration of dissolved oxygen increases to 3.4 mg/l and the swelling of activated sludge stops. In this case, using a simplified scheme of expert evaluation as a global quality criterion of the biological stage management process of water treatment for rapid assessment of the vitality of activated sludge is justified. As parameters available for direct automatic measurement, it was proposed to use ORP and pH approximated by the regression equation. Also, a conditional scheme of the decision support system for water treatment management was proposed, which will provide two-level hierarchical control: situational and operational in real-time with a preventive response to emergencies; tactical with daily, at least daily, forecasting of the treatment plants.Item Preventive improvement of wastewater treatment efficiency(Sumy State University, 2021) Shtepa, V. N.; Черниш, Єлізавета Юріївна; Черныш, Елизавета Юрьевна; Chernysh, Yelyzaveta Yuriivna; Danilov, D. V.This paper focuses on studying the effect of electrolytic water on wastewater decontamination processes, using model solutions and wastewater from the food-processing plant. The aqueous solutions under study were obtained by changing the redox potential (ORP), and pH of ordinary tap water using a pH corrector, which is a flow-through electrolyzer with a membrane separating the cathode and anode zones, and the solutions were obtained by adding to tap water a solution containing products of electrokinetic synthesis. Parameters that changed as a result of the study: ORP, TDS, pH. Solutions capable of almost complete inhibition of the vital activity and growth of microorganisms were obtained. Also, solutions were obtained that promoted their development, and when seeding them on a dense nutrient medium, there was continuous growth. Further research is advisable to detail the technical and economic indicators of municipal and industrial facilities' water supply and sewerage schemes with preventive water treatment processes.